Accordingly there is provided a solar cell apparatus, comprising a reflective member having first and second opposite surfaces, the first surface being transparent, the second surface having a transparent portion and a plurality of opaque reflective portions, the reflective portions being positioned to receive radiation passing through the first surface of the reflective member and focus and reflect the radiation to form focused radiation directed toward the first surface at an angle relative to the first surface greater than a critical angle of the first surface, the first surface being positioned to direct the focused radiation away from the first surface, the focused radiation converging as it moves away from the first surface; and a solar cell having a radiation receiving surface affixed to the transparent portion of the second surface of the reflective member and positioned to receive the focused radiation.